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THE AMAZING "DER/DIE/DAS" TABLES! (German cases and gender) Adjective endings are highlighted red © C. Gosling 1996
NOMINATIVE CASE (subject of a sentence / labelling) After the verb "sein" (to be) - e.g. Er ist ein netter Mann.
ACCUSATIVE CASE (direct object / movement) With the prepositions: durch, für, gegen, ohne, um, bis, entlang With 'two-way' prepositions (see Note 2)
DATIVE CASE (indirect object / location) With the prepositions: aus, bei, mit, nach, seit, von, zu, außer, gegenüber, entgegen After the verbs: danken, helfen, folgen, drohen, glauben, gehören, begegnen With 'two-way' prepositions (see Note 2)
Notice: nouns in Dative plural get an -n added on if they don't already happen to have one. GENITIVE CASE (possession/ownership) With the prepositions: statt, trotz, während, wegen, innerhalb, außerhalb, an Stelle NB: Add "es" or "s" to masculine or neuter nouns.
Practise adjective endings here!
ADDITIONAL NOTES - © Dave Nutting NOTE 1: Same table, same patterns a) Use the der/die/das (the) lines for the following: dies- (this), jed- (every), solch- (such), welch- ?(which?), jen- (that) In the case of viele (many), mehrere/einige (several), wenige (fewer/less), alle (all); they operate as ordinary adjectives, i.e. other adjectives coming after them have the same adjective ending. (E.g. Nominative: dieser/diese/dieses/diese) b) Use the ein/eine/ein (a) lines for the following: kein (no/not a), mein (my), dein (your), sein (his/its), ihr (her/its), unser (our), euer (your: referring to more than one) and Ihr (Your: polite).
NOTE 2: "Two-way" prepositions: Accusative OR Dative vor (in front of), hinter (behind), über (over/above), unter (under, below), zwischen (between), neben (next to), in (in), an (on/against), auf (on top of) <Use the Accusative when there is movement involved> e.g. Ich stelle die Vase auf den Tisch. (Describes the process of being moved) Ich gehe über die Brücke. (Describes movement over the bridge) <Use the Dative if no movement is implied> e.g. Die Vase steht auf dem Tisch. (Describes the location of the subject / where it is) Ich bin/stehe auf der Brücke. (Describes where I am / no movement)
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